School violence, including school-based gun violence, is a major public health issue that has negative consequences for students, families, schools, and communities (Basile et al., 2020; Peterson et al., 2021). One approach that schools have adopted to address school violence is behavioral threat assessment (BTA). Based on a request from our funder, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), we developed a report on behavioral threat assessment and its intersection with youth mental health.

This report aims to:

1. Describe the problem of school violence and how BTA became a widely implemented school violence prevention strategy;
2. Report on the current state of BTA implementation and its effectiveness;
3. Discuss considerations for the fit and appropriateness of using BTA in schools; and
4. Offer recommendations for schools, policymakers, funders, researchers, and SAMHSA on addressing BTA use in schools.